As the global burden of disease gradually shifted from infectious to non-communicable disease since the second half of the 20th century, the medical technology and pharmaceutical industries have been dramatically improved, taking pivotal and essential roles to human health and development. At the meantime, international trade and transnational technical cooperation have influenced and will influence to China’s medical and health services in a long-run, and China’s medicine related spending accounts for a big proportion of the total medical and health expenditure, as one of the highest in the world. In order to enhance the capacity and efficiency of the medical insurance, access negotiations to medical insurance catalog are implemented annually, and the innovative medical technologies with high clinical value and less medical burden will be included in the national medical insurance catalogues. Therefore, the economic assessment of application of the technologies and products, are critical for the process.